PL. —Lewisia redivivaBotanical illustration — drop image
Lewisia rediviva

Bitterroot

SpringFall
4a8bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Not in bloom
Spring
Not in bloom
Summer
Peak bloom
Fall
Not in bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Lewisia rediviva is a compact perennial native to the Rocky Mountains, Great Basin, and Columbia Plateau. It is the state flower of Montana and was named for Meriwether Lewis, who collected specimens during the Corps of Discovery expedition. Despite its low stature, it produces large flowers in shades of pink to white each spring.

Bitterroot is summer-dormant: basal leaves emerge in fall, persist through winter, then die back as the plant flowers in late spring. After seeds set, the plant disappears entirely until autumn. Perfect drainage is non-negotiable — wet crowns during summer dormancy cause fatal rot. It thrives in rocky, gravelly, or sandy soils and should receive no supplemental water once dormant. The species epithet rediviva means brought back to life, reflecting the root's documented ability to survive months of desiccation and still regenerate. pH tolerance runs slightly acidic to neutral. Established plants naturalize well in crevice gardens, dry-slope plantings, and scree beds.

Thick, starchy roots were a dietary staple for many Interior Plateau tribes, including the Salish and Nez Perce. Boiling removes the bitter outer skin; the cooked inner root is bland and nutritious. Roots were widely traded and held significant cultural importance. Traditional preparations were also used for heart complaints and pleurisy.

Care guide
SunFull sun
WaterLow
SoilRocky, gravelly, well-drained, neutral to alkaline
Spacing6–9 in
Height1–3 in
Zone4a – 8b
Native RegionAZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NV, OR, UT, WA, WY
Direct sowFrost hardy
Seasonal tasks
spring
watchMonitor drainage around crowns as spring rainfall increases. Top-dress with coarse gravel around the base if crowns are holding moisture.
sowFor spring sowing, cold-stratify seeds in moist sand for 8–12 weeks before sowing. Press seeds onto the surface of a gritty mix and do not cover.
summer
watchOnce foliage dies back after seed set, stop all irrigation entirely. Mark planting locations with a stone or stake to avoid disturbing dormant roots through summer.
fall
sowDirect sow seeds on the surface of a rocky, well-drained bed in fall. Cold-moist stratification over winter promotes germination the following spring.
watchAs foliage re-emerges in fall, clear any accumulated organic debris from around the crown to prevent moisture retention at the base.
watchInspect new fall rosettes for slug and snail feeding damage. Apply iron phosphate bait around emerging foliage if feeding is present.
Common problems

Crown Rot

Symptoms

Lower leaves yellow and wilt; the base of the rosette turns brown and soft, sometimes with white fungal threads at the soil line. Plants collapse in wet conditions.

Treatment

Remove and destroy affected plants. Improve drainage and avoid overhead watering. Do not mulch directly against the crown. Space plants for airflow and avoid replanting in the same wet spot.

Phytophthora Root Rot

Symptoms

Wilting despite moist soil, yellowing leaves, stunted growth, and dark, decayed roots and crown tissue. Vines may collapse during hot weather.

Treatment

Plant in well-draining soil and avoid waterlogging. Remove and destroy affected vines. Improve drainage with raised beds or amended soil and avoid overwatering.