PL. —Lilium pardalinumBotanical illustration — drop image
Lilium pardalinum

Leopard Lily

Summer
5a9bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Not in bloom
Spring
In bloom
Summer
Peak bloom
Fall
Not in bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Lilium pardalinum is a bulbous perennial native to California, Oregon, and Baja California, producing nodding turk's cap flowers in orange-red with heavy maroon spotting. Stems reach 4–7 feet and the plant spreads slowly by rhizomatous offsets into wide colonies, making it one of the more architecturally prominent native perennials available for western and Pacific Northwest gardens.

In nature it colonizes streambanks, seeps, and moist woodland edges. In cultivation, humus-rich, consistently moist but well-drained soil in partial shade replicates these conditions best. Heavy organic mulch stabilizes moisture and keeps the root zone cool through summer. Established colonies are long-lived; divide only when crowding visibly reduces vigor.

Bulbs were eaten as a starchy staple by multiple Native California tribes, roasted directly in coals or boiled, and were traded across tribal territories.

Care guide
SunPart shade
WaterConsistent moisture
SoilMoist, well-drained, acidic, humus-rich
Spacing18–24 in
Height4–7 ft
Zone5a – 9b
Native RegionCA, OR
Frost hardy
Seasonal tasks
spring
watchInspect new shoots for aphid colonies and lily leaf beetle adults; remove pests and egg masses by hand or treat with insecticidal soap.
summer
watchWater deeply if the top 2 inches of soil dry out; plants do not tolerate drought during active growth.
watchCheck lower foliage for botrytis lesions during humid weather; remove and dispose of affected leaves promptly.
fall
sowPlant rhizomatous bulbs 4–6 inches deep in humus-amended, moist soil before the ground freezes.
cutCut stems to ground level after foliage yellows and dies back following the first hard frost.
cutLift and divide congested clumps by separating rhizomatous offsets; replant divisions immediately at the same depth.
Common problems

Lily Basal Rot

Symptoms

Bulb scales brown and soften at the base; stems yellow, wilt, and collapse at or just above soil level. Pink or white fungal growth may be visible on rotted bulb tissue when dug.

Treatment

Discard infected bulbs; do not replant lilies in the same location for at least three years. Improve soil drainage before replanting. Dust new bulbs with sulfur powder prior to planting. Avoid overwatering and soil compaction around the root zone.

Botrytis (grey mould)

Symptoms

Grey fuzzy mould on petals and stems, worst in cool wet conditions.

Treatment

Remove affected parts immediately. Improve air circulation. Avoid overhead watering. Apply copper fungicide if severe.

Mosaic virus

Symptoms

Yellowing, mottled, or distorted leaves. No cure — spread by aphids.

Treatment

Remove and destroy infected plants. Control aphid populations to prevent spread. Do not propagate from infected tubers.