PL. —Cuphea viscosissimaBotanical illustration — drop image
Cuphea viscosissima

Blue Waxweed

SpringSummerFall
3a9aHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Not in bloom
Spring
Peak bloom
Summer
In bloom
Fall
Not in bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Blue waxweed is a native annual of the eastern United States, the most widespread Cuphea species in North America. It occurs naturally in open, rocky, calcareous ground and earns a place in naturalistic and pollinator plantings as a reliable self-seeder that produces small purple-pink flowers continuously from midsummer until hard frost. Bumblebees are among its primary visitors.

Plants are notably sticky — stems and leaves are covered in glandular hairs — and grow quickly in lean, alkaline, or gravelly soil where cultivated annuals struggle. Blue waxweed resents fertile, wet conditions. It self-sows freely once established and can naturalize in undisturbed rocky or sandy spots without intervention. Soil pH on the alkaline side and good drainage are the two most important factors for success.

Seeds of Cuphea viscosissima contain a high proportion of medium-chain fatty acids, principally capric and caprylic acids. This has made the genus the subject of ongoing research as a potential domestic oilseed crop to supplement or replace imported lauric-acid oils in industrial processing.

Care guide
SunFull sun
WaterLow
SoilWell-drained, rocky, alkaline
Spacing12–18 in
Height12–24 in
Zone3a – 9a
Native RegionAR, CT, DE, GA, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MO, NE, NH, NJ, NY, NC, OH, PA, SC, TN, VT, VA, WV, WI
Direct sow
Seasonal tasks
spring
sowThin or transplant seedlings to 12 inches apart once they reach 3 inches tall.
sowStart seeds indoors in cell trays 6–8 weeks before last frost. Seeds require light to germinate — press onto the soil surface and do not cover.
sowDirect sow into bare, well-drained ground at last frost date. Press seeds lightly into soil surface in full sun.
summer
watchCheck soil drainage through the season. Plants in waterlogged or overly rich soil will yellow, lose vigor, and collapse quickly.
watchMonitor sticky stems for aphid clusters; knock off with a stream of water or wipe off by hand.
fall
watchMark any plants intended for seed collection and allow pods to mature fully on the stem before harvesting.
watchAllow pods to shatter in place where naturalized stands are desired. Plants self-sow reliably into rocky or gravelly, undisturbed soil.
Common problems

Damping Off

Symptoms

Seedlings collapse at the soil line with thin, water-soaked stems; seeds may fail to emerge or rot before sprouting.

Treatment

Sow in well-draining mix, avoid overwatering, and ensure good airflow. Remove affected seedlings and let the surface dry between waterings.

Root rot

Symptoms

Plants wilt, yellow, and stunt even in moist soil; lower stems and roots turn brown, soft, and mushy and the plant may collapse. Most common in heavy, wet, or poorly drained ground.

Treatment

Improve drainage and stop overwatering, and never plant too deep. Lift and destroy badly affected plants along with the soil around the roots. Grow in raised or free-draining beds to prevent it returning.

Fungal leaf spot

Symptoms

Brown or purplish spots on the leaves, often ringed with a yellow halo, that spread and merge in warm, humid, or wet weather; heavily spotted leaves yellow and drop early.

Treatment

Pick off spotted leaves and clear fallen debris to remove overwintering spores. Improve air circulation by thinning, and water at the base so foliage dries quickly. If it persists, apply a copper- or sulfur-based fungicide at the first sign.