PL. —Acer circinatumBotanical illustration — drop image
Acer circinatum

Vine Maple

Spring
5a9bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
In bloom
Spring
Peak bloom
Summer
Not in bloom
Fall
Not in bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Vine maple is a Pacific Northwest native that grows as a large multi-stemmed shrub or small tree from northern California to British Columbia. It shifts form depending on light: sprawling and arching in deep shade, more upright and compact in open conditions. Fall foliage turns yellow, orange, and red, making it one of the more ornamental native trees for western gardens. It also supports biodiversity by enriching upper soil layers and providing cover and food for birds and small mammals.

In the wild, vine maple occupies forest understories, stream banks, and disturbed forest edges. It tolerates deeper shade than most maples but performs well in full sun if soil moisture is consistent. Acidic, humus-rich soil is ideal; a thick organic mulch layer mimics the forest floor and reduces moisture stress. In shade, arching stems can root where they contact the ground and spread vegetatively. Suckers from the base are common and should be removed or managed to control spread.

Native peoples of the Pacific Northwest used the flexible stems for basket weaving, fish traps, and snowshoe frames, and the hard wood for tool handles. Some Coast Salish traditions used bark decoctions as a mild laxative and as a wash for sore eyes, though vine maple is not a primary medicinal species.

Keep apart
Care guide
SunPart shade to full shade
WaterRegular
SoilMoist, well-drained, acidic
Spacing10–20 ft
Height5–25 ft
Zone5a – 9b
Native RegionCA, OR, WA
Frost hardy
Seasonal tasks
winter
cutRemove dead, crossing, or damaged stems in late winter before bud break. For a single-trunk tree form, remove basal suckers cleanly at the soil line.
spring
watchInspect new foliage in spring for anthracnose lesions along leaf veins. Wet spring weather increases risk; rake and remove fallen debris to reduce inoculum.
sowPlant container-grown or bare-root specimens in early spring before bud break. Amend the planting hole with compost and set the root flare at grade.
summer
watchMonitor soil moisture during dry summers. Leaf margin scorch indicates drought stress; water deeply at the root zone rather than overhead.
watchCheck for verticillium wilt if individual branches wilt or yellow while the rest of the canopy remains healthy. Remove affected limbs and avoid wounding roots.
fall
watchObserve fall color from late September onward. Color intensity increases with greater day-to-night temperature differential and adequate sun exposure.
sowCollect ripe samaras in fall. Cold-stratify seed at 34–40°F for 60–90 days before spring sowing indoors, or direct-sow outdoors in fall for natural stratification.
Common problems

Powdery mildew

Symptoms

White or grey powdery coating on leaves — usually starting on older growth in humid conditions or when nights cool.

Treatment

Improve air circulation by thinning plants. Apply neem oil or potassium bicarbonate spray at first sign. Avoid overhead watering.

Verticillium Wilt

Symptoms

Lower leaves yellow and wilt, often on one side of the plant, with brown streaking in the stem and crown tissue when cut open. Plants are stunted and decline over the season.

Treatment

Remove and destroy affected plants. Avoid planting in soil that has grown infected tomatoes, peppers, or other susceptible crops. Rotate beds and improve drainage; there is no cure once a plant is infected.

Phytophthora Root Rot

Symptoms

Wilting despite moist soil, yellowing leaves, stunted growth, and dark, decayed roots and crown tissue. Vines may collapse during hot weather.

Treatment

Plant in well-draining soil and avoid waterlogging. Remove and destroy affected vines. Improve drainage with raised beds or amended soil and avoid overwatering.

Maple Anthracnose

Symptoms

Irregular brown or tan spots that follow and spread between leaf veins, giving leaves a scorched or blighted appearance. Severe infections cause premature leaf drop. In wet springs, small cankers may appear on young shoots.

Treatment

Rake and remove fallen leaves each autumn to reduce overwintering fungal spores. Avoid overhead irrigation. Apply a copper-based fungicide at bud break during wet spring conditions. Prune selectively to improve canopy airflow.