PL. —Zinnia elegansBotanical illustration — drop image
Zinnia elegans

Zinnia

SummerFall
2a11bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Not in bloom
Spring
In bloom
Summer
Peak bloom
Fall
Not in bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Zinnias are the workhorse of the cutting garden — fast to flower, generous with blooms, and almost impossible to kill in full sun. Sow direct into warm soil after last frost and you'll be cutting in eight weeks. The real trick is succession: sow every two weeks through midsummer and you'll still have armfuls when the first frosts arrive.

Pinch the first flower bud to force branching. Every stem you cut — cut all the way back to a leaf node — encourages two more. Zinnias stop producing if you let them go to seed, so deadhead ruthlessly and they'll reward you until the calendar runs out.

Care guide
SunFull sun — 6+ hours daily
Water1 inch per week; water at the base
SoilWell-draining, average fertility
Spacing6–12 inches
Height12–36 inches
Zone2a – 11b
WinterAnnual — collect seed and compost spent plants after first frost.
Direct sow
Seasonal tasks
spring
sowDirect-sow after last frost, soil above 60°F
summer
sowSecond succession — sow again for fall colour
cutPinch first bud to encourage branching
cutDeadhead every 2–3 days to keep production up
watchCheck for powdery mildew in humid spells
fall
watchCollect seed heads from the best colours
Common problems

Powdery mildew

Symptoms

White or grey powdery coating on leaves — usually starting on older growth in humid conditions or when nights cool.

Treatment

Improve air circulation by thinning plants. Apply neem oil or potassium bicarbonate spray at first sign. Avoid overhead watering.

Alternaria blight

Symptoms

Brown circular spots with yellow halos on leaves; spreads rapidly in wet weather.

Treatment

Remove affected leaves immediately. Water at the base only. A copper-based fungicide can help if caught early.

From the field journal