PL. —Mirabilis jalapa 'Salmon Sunset'Botanical illustration — drop image
Mirabilis jalapa 'Salmon Sunset'

Giant Four O'Clock

SpringSummerFall
9a11bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Not in bloom
Spring
Peak bloom
Summer
Peak bloom
Fall
Peak bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Mirabilis jalapa 'Salmon Sunset' is a large-mounding four o'clock with salmon-orange trumpet flowers that open in late afternoon and stay open through the night. In USDA zones 9–11 it grows as a perennial from thick tuberous roots; outside that range it performs as an annual or the tubers can be lifted and stored. Plants are dense and self-supporting, forming broad clumps with minimal intervention.

Full sun and good drainage are the primary requirements. Once established, the tuberous roots sustain the plant through periods of low rainfall. The evening flowers carry a light fragrance and draw hawkmoths and hummingbirds at dusk. The plant self-seeds freely in warm climates; seedlings are easy to remove while young but do not reliably come true to the cultivar's salmon coloring. Mulching over the root zone helps tubers persist through zone 9 winters.

Mirabilis jalapa roots have documented traditional use across South America and tropical Asia as a diuretic and purgative. Young leaves are cooked and eaten in parts of tropical Asia. Seeds have been ground as a pepper substitute in some cultures.

Care guide
SunFull sun
WaterLow
SoilWell-drained, loamy
Spacing24–36 in
Height36–48 in
Zone9a – 11b
Direct sow
Seasonal tasks
spring
sowStart seeds indoors 6 weeks before last frost in individual pots. Soak seeds overnight before planting to speed germination.
sowDirect sow seeds 1 inch deep after all frost danger has passed and soil has warmed to at least 60°F.
sowTransplant hardened-off seedlings or overwintered tubers into their final position once nighttime temperatures stay consistently above 50°F.
summer
watchCheck for aphid colonies on young stems; aphids can transmit mosaic virus. Remove with a strong water stream or treat with insecticidal soap if populations build.
cutCut leggy stems back by one-third in midsummer to encourage a fresh flush of growth and continued evening flowering.
fall
watchPull self-sown seedlings before they establish deep taproots. Off-type seedlings will not reliably match 'Salmon Sunset' coloring.
cutIn zones below 9, cut stems to ground level after frost blackens foliage, dig tubers, cure for one week in a warm dry spot, then store in barely damp peat at 45–55°F until spring.
Common problems

Root rot

Symptoms

Plants wilt, yellow, and stunt even in moist soil; lower stems and roots turn brown, soft, and mushy and the plant may collapse. Most common in heavy, wet, or poorly drained ground.

Treatment

Improve drainage and stop overwatering, and never plant too deep. Lift and destroy badly affected plants along with the soil around the roots. Grow in raised or free-draining beds to prevent it returning.

Powdery mildew

Symptoms

White or grey powdery coating on leaves — usually starting on older growth in humid conditions or when nights cool.

Treatment

Improve air circulation by thinning plants. Apply neem oil or potassium bicarbonate spray at first sign. Avoid overhead watering.

Mosaic virus

Symptoms

Yellowing, mottled, or distorted leaves. No cure — spread by aphids.

Treatment

Remove and destroy infected plants. Control aphid populations to prevent spread. Do not propagate from infected tubers.

Root-Knot Nematode

Symptoms

Swollen galls on roots, poor vigor, wilting in heat, and reduced fruiting. Containers and sandy soils are more prone.

Treatment

Use clean potting mix in containers. Avoid replanting in infested soil. Maintain plant vigor with mulch and steady watering. Solarize affected garden soil.

Fungal leaf spot

Symptoms

Brown or purplish spots on the leaves, often ringed with a yellow halo, that spread and merge in warm, humid, or wet weather; heavily spotted leaves yellow and drop early.

Treatment

Pick off spotted leaves and clear fallen debris to remove overwintering spores. Improve air circulation by thinning, and water at the base so foliage dries quickly. If it persists, apply a copper- or sulfur-based fungicide at the first sign.