PL. —Salvia officinalisBotanical illustration — drop image
Salvia officinalis

Common Sage

SpringSummerFall
4a8bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Not in bloom
Spring
Peak bloom
Summer
In bloom
Fall
Not in bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Common sage is a woody perennial herb grown for its gray-green aromatic leaves, used fresh or dried in cooking. In Zone 6b it survives winter and returns each spring, forming a low shrub that can produce for several years before the stems get woody and yields drop.

Sage needs sharp drainage and full sun; it rots in wet, heavy soil. Cut back lightly in spring once new growth appears, harvest leaves regularly to keep the plant productive, and replace plants every 3–4 years when the center turns woody and sparse.

Care guide
SunFull sun — 6+ hours daily
WaterLow; water deeply when the top 2 inches of soil are dry. Avoid overwatering.
SoilWell-draining, sandy or loamy, average to low fertility; pH 6.0–7.0
Spacing18–24 inches
Height18–24 inches
Zone4a – 8b
Frost hardy
Seasonal tasks
summer
cutHarvest leaves regularly through the season; pinch flower stalks to keep leaf production high.
watchCheck for powdery mildew during humid spells; improve airflow and avoid wetting foliage.
fall
watchMulch lightly around the base to protect roots over winter without smothering the crown.
Common problems

Powdery mildew

Symptoms

White or grey powdery coating on leaves — usually starting on older growth in humid conditions or when nights cool.

Treatment

Improve air circulation by thinning plants. Apply neem oil or potassium bicarbonate spray at first sign. Avoid overhead watering.

Sage Root and Crown Rot

Symptoms

Wilting despite moist soil, yellowing lower leaves, blackened soft stems at the base, and brown mushy roots.

Treatment

Improve drainage and reduce watering. Remove and destroy affected plants. Plant in raised or sandy beds and avoid waterlogged conditions.

Spider Mites

Symptoms

Fine stippling or bronzing on leaves, faint webbing on undersides, foliage drying out during hot, dry weather.

Treatment

Spray foliage with a strong jet of water to dislodge mites. Apply insecticidal soap or horticultural oil to leaf undersides; repeat every 5–7 days as needed.