PL. —Asparagus officinalisBotanical illustration — drop image
Asparagus officinalis

Asparagus

Spring
3a8bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Peak bloom
Spring
Peak bloom
Summer
Not in bloom
Fall
Not in bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Asparagus is a long-lived perennial vegetable grown for its tender spring spears. A well-tended bed produces for 15 to 20 years, so it is worth siting permanently in a spot that will not be disturbed by annual tilling.

Plants are grown from one-year-old crowns set in trenches. Do not harvest the first year, and harvest lightly the second year, to let the root system build. After harvest ends, let the ferny foliage grow all season to feed the crowns; cut it down only after it yellows in fall.

Good companions
Care guide
SunFull sun
WaterModerate; deep watering; established beds are somewhat drought tolerant
SoilRich, well-draining, slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.5–7.0); deeply worked
Spacing12–18 inches in trenches
Height4–5 feet (fern stage)
Zone3a – 8b
Frost hardy
Seasonal tasks
spring
watchDo not harvest any spears for the first 2 years — allow all growth to fern out and build the crown
cutCut all ferns to the ground in late winter before new spears emerge
Common problems

Rust

Symptoms

Orange to brown raised pustules on the undersides of leaves, with yellow spotting on the upper surface. Heavy infections cause leaves to yellow and drop.

Treatment

Remove and destroy infected leaves. Avoid overhead watering and improve air circulation. Apply a sulfur or copper-based fungicide if it spreads. Clear plant debris in fall.

Fusarium wilt

Symptoms

Sudden wilting, brown streaks in stems, yellowing leaves. Affects sweet basil varieties most.

Treatment

No cure. Remove and destroy plants. Do not replant in the same spot for 3+ years. Choose resistant varieties.

Pests

Asparagus Beetle

Crioceris asparagi
Symptoms

Blue-black or spotted beetles feed on spears, leaving brown scarring and bent tips. Dark eggs stand upright on spears and ferns; larvae defoliate the fronds.

Treatment

Handpick adults and larvae and crush eggs. Keep the bed clean of debris where beetles overwinter. Harvest spears promptly and use spinosad or neem if populations are heavy.