PL. —Sanguisorba officinalisBotanical illustration — drop image
Sanguisorba officinalis

Great Burnet

SummerFall
3a8bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Not in bloom
Spring
Not in bloom
Summer
Peak bloom
Fall
In bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Gallery
Sanguisorba officinalis 'Tanna''Tanna' — a compact selection, half the height of the species, with dense dark maroon flower spikes that hold upright without flopping.
Sanguisorba officinalis 'Red Thunder''Red Thunder' — an upright, sturdy-stemmed selection with especially deep red flower spikes over the summer-long bloom season.
Sanguisorba officinalis 'Cangshan Cranberry''Cangshan Cranberry' — a China-collected form with wine-red spikes and a later bloom window that extends the display into fall.
Background

Great burnet is a Eurasian meadow perennial grown for its dense, dark maroon-to-black bottlebrush flower spikes, held well above mounded, ferny blue-green foliage on wiry stems that move in the slightest breeze. It's a workhorse of the naturalistic and prairie-style planting movement, threading through ornamental grasses and other late-season bloomers without ever needing staking. A small, scattered native population turns up in parts of the far western US and Canada, but the plants sold in the trade are garden-bred selections of the widespread Eurasian species, not that native strain.

It wants steady moisture and doesn't like to dry out between waterings, but otherwise asks for very little — no deadheading is needed to keep it blooming, and the seed heads stand attractively through frost if left uncut. Bees work the flowers heavily. Several named cultivars (shown in the gallery) offer more compact habits or deeper flower color than the straight species.

Good companions
Care guide
SunFull sun to part shade
WaterModerate; consistent moisture, not boggy
SoilAverage to rich, moist, well-drained
Spacing18–24 in
Height3–4 ft
Zone3a – 8b
Seasonal tasks
spring
watchWatch for new basal foliage to emerge; established clumps fill in quickly.
cutCut back dead stems in late winter before new growth starts.
summer
watchEnjoy dark bottlebrush spikes swaying above the foliage as bees work them.
fall
watchLeave spent flower spikes standing for fall structure and seed for birds.
Common problems

Powdery mildew

Symptoms

White or grey powdery coating on leaves — usually starting on older growth in humid conditions or when nights cool.

Treatment

Improve air circulation by thinning plants. Apply neem oil or potassium bicarbonate spray at first sign. Avoid overhead watering.

Rust

Symptoms

Orange to brown raised pustules on the undersides of leaves, with yellow spotting on the upper surface. Heavy infections cause leaves to yellow and drop.

Treatment

Remove and destroy infected leaves. Avoid overhead watering and improve air circulation. Apply a sulfur or copper-based fungicide if it spreads. Clear plant debris in fall.