Ficus carica is a deciduous fruiting tree or large shrub that produces soft, sweet fruit in late summer and fall. In Zone 6b it sits at the cold edge of its range and is usually grown as a multi-stemmed shrub or in a container so it can be protected or moved. Hardy varieties like 'Chicago Hardy' and 'Brown Turkey' are the most reliable choices here.
Figs fruit on both old and new wood, but in cold climates the main crop comes from new growth after winter dieback. Plants need winter protection in this zone — either wrapping, burying the canes, or moving containers into an unheated garage or basement. Roots often survive even when top growth dies back, and the plant will resprout in spring.
Fig Rust
Yellow-brown spots on upper leaf surfaces with rust-colored pustules underneath. Heavy infection causes early leaf drop in late summer.
Remove and destroy fallen leaves. Improve air circulation by thinning growth. Apply a copper-based fungicide if infection is severe and recurring.
Fig Mosaic Virus
Yellow mottling, blotchy patterns, and ring spots on leaves. Fruit may be small, deformed, or drop early. Growth is often stunted.
No cure. Buy certified virus-free stock. Control eriophyid mites that spread it. Remove and destroy severely affected plants.
Botrytis (grey mould)
Grey fuzzy mould on petals and stems, worst in cool wet conditions.
Remove affected parts immediately. Improve air circulation. Avoid overhead watering. Apply copper fungicide if severe.
Root-Knot Nematode
Swollen galls on roots, poor vigor, wilting in heat, and reduced fruiting. Containers and sandy soils are more prone.
Use clean potting mix in containers. Avoid replanting in infested soil. Maintain plant vigor with mulch and steady watering. Solarize affected garden soil.