PL. —Securigera variaBotanical illustration — drop image
Securigera varia

Crown Vetch

SpringSummerInvasive
3a9bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Not in bloom
Spring
Peak bloom
Summer
Peak bloom
Fall
Not in bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Crown Vetch is a low, sprawling legume with ferny, pinnate leaves and rounded clusters of pink-and-white pea flowers that bloom from late spring through summer. It was planted deliberately and widely across North America from the 1950s through the 1990s — highway departments and mine-reclamation crews valued it for exactly the traits that now make it a problem: a deep, spreading rhizome network and nitrogen-fixing roots that stabilize bare slopes fast and improve poor soil as they go.

That same root system is why it's so hard to be rid of. Mowing alone doesn't touch it — cut stems simply resprout from the rhizomes — and a single planting can smother an entire embankment or field edge into a dense, single-species mat within a few years, crowding out everything else. The most effective control combines repeated cutting through the growing season to exhaust the roots with a systemic herbicide (glyphosate or triclopyr) applied to regrowth in late summer or fall, when the plant is drawing reserves down into its roots; expect the effort to take more than one season.

The foliage contains nitro-compounds that are toxic to horses and other non-ruminant grazers in quantity, causing weakness and depression — a real concern if it's growing in or near a pasture, though it poses little risk to cats and dogs, which rarely eat it.

Care guide
SunFull sun to part shade
WaterLow; drought tolerant
SoilPoor to average, well-drained, tolerates disturbed ground
Spacing12–24 in
Height12–24 in
Zone3a – 9b
Direct sowFrost hardyInvasive
Seasonal tasks
spring
watchIdentify by ferny, pinnate leaves and rounded clusters of pink-and-white pea flowers from late spring through summer.
watchCheck field edges and disturbed ground each spring for new patches spreading from rhizome fragments or seed.
summer
cutTreat regrowth with a systemic herbicide in late summer or early fall, when the plant is drawing nutrients down into its roots; expect to repeat over multiple seasons.
watchKeep grazing horses and other non-ruminant livestock away from stands — the foliage is toxic to them in quantity.
cutCut or mow before seed pods form to slow spread — mowing alone will not kill it, since it resprouts readily from rhizomes.