Lupins are among the most spectacular spring flowers in the cutting garden — densely packed spikes of pea-flowers in a range from white and cream through every shade of pink, purple, and blue. They are a legume: the roots fix nitrogen, so they leave the soil better than they found it. They are also particular: they resent being transplanted, dislike summer heat, and grow on their own timetable.
Direct sow in autumn or very early spring — the seeds benefit from a period of cold and moisture before they'll germinate willingly. Once established, they are perennial in Zone 4–7 but often short-lived, typically at their best in years two and three. The Hudson Valley's cool springs suit them well; the key is getting them in the ground early and letting them run before the heat arrives.
They reseed readily and with vigor - consider yourself warned.
Powdery mildew
White or grey powdery coating on leaves — usually starting on older growth in humid conditions or when nights cool.
Improve air circulation by thinning plants. Apply neem oil or potassium bicarbonate spray at first sign. Avoid overhead watering.
Aphids
Clusters of small soft insects on new growth and flower buds.
Knock off with a strong jet of water. Ladybirds and lacewings are natural predators. Insecticidal soap as last resort.