PL. —Aquilegia vulgarisBotanical illustration — drop image
Aquilegia vulgaris

Columbine

SpringSummer
3a8bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Not in bloom
Spring
Peak bloom
Summer
Not in bloom
Fall
Not in bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Columbine brings a wild, cottage-garden lightness to the spring cutting garden — nodding spurred flowers in blue, purple, pink, red, cream, and bicolors on wiry stems that move in the slightest breeze. They are short-lived perennials, typically at their best for two or three years, but self-seed so prolifically that the colony perpetuates itself and often produces interesting natural hybrids over time.

Direct sow in autumn or early spring — the seeds benefit from a cold period. As cut flowers, they are delicate and best used in loose arrangements. Cut when the first flower on a stem is fully open. They self-seed willingly and promiscuously; if you want to maintain specific varieties, deadhead before seed sets.

Care guide
SunFull sun to partial shade
WaterModerate; tolerates dry spells once established
SoilAverage, well-draining
Spacing12–18 inches
Height18–30 inches
Zone3a – 8b
Direct sowFrost hardy
Seasonal tasks
spring
cutCut when the first flower opens; arrange in loose, airy groupings
summer
watchAllow some to self-seed; remove spent plants after 2–3 years when they decline
fall
sowDirect sow in autumn or cold-stratify seeds 4–6 weeks before sowing in spring
Common problems

Powdery mildew

Symptoms

White or grey powdery coating on leaves — usually starting on older growth in humid conditions or when nights cool.

Treatment

Improve air circulation by thinning plants. Apply neem oil or potassium bicarbonate spray at first sign. Avoid overhead watering.

Aphids

Symptoms

Clusters of small soft insects on new growth and flower buds.

Treatment

Knock off with a strong jet of water. Ladybirds and lacewings are natural predators. Insecticidal soap as last resort.