PL. —Borago officinalisBotanical illustration — drop image
Borago officinalis

Borage

Summer
3a10bHardiness zone
Peak bloom windowZone 6b · frost-offset weeks
Winter
Not in bloom
Spring
Peak bloom
Summer
Peak bloom
Fall
Not in bloom
Peak bloom
In bloom
Background

Borage is an annual herb grown for its edible blue star-shaped flowers and cucumber-flavored leaves. It is a strong pollinator plant, attracting bees throughout summer, and is often used as a companion crop in vegetable gardens. Flowers and young leaves are edible.

It grows quickly from seed and self-sows readily, returning year after year once established. Plants have a deep taproot and resent transplanting, so direct sowing is preferred. Stems are hollow and brittle, and tall plants may flop without support or close spacing.

Care guide
SunFull sun
WaterLow to moderate; tolerates drought
SoilWell-draining, average to poor; tolerates poor soil
Spacing12–18 inches
Height18–24 inches
Zone3a – 10b
Direct sow
Seasonal tasks
spring
sowDirect sow after last frost; self-seeds freely — allow some to naturalise
Common problems

Powdery mildew

Symptoms

White or grey powdery coating on leaves — usually starting on older growth in humid conditions or when nights cool.

Treatment

Improve air circulation by thinning plants. Apply neem oil or potassium bicarbonate spray at first sign. Avoid overhead watering.

Root rot

Symptoms

Plants wilt, yellow, and stunt even in moist soil; lower stems and roots turn brown, soft, and mushy and the plant may collapse. Most common in heavy, wet, or poorly drained ground.

Treatment

Improve drainage and stop overwatering, and never plant too deep. Lift and destroy badly affected plants along with the soil around the roots. Grow in raised or free-draining beds to prevent it returning.

Pests

Aphids

Aphididae
Symptoms

Clusters of small soft insects on new growth and flower buds.

Treatment

Knock off with a strong jet of water. Ladybirds and lacewings are natural predators. Insecticidal soap as last resort.